The need for speed: who should bear the financial responsibility for magnetic ink encoding errors and the future of check processing technology?

Article Abstract:

The automation of the check reading process, including amount encoding, and the legislated limits on the amount of time a bank can hold a check have created some confusion regarding who is liable for errors in this process. Case law has placed the responsibility on both depository and payor banks in various cases but pending law may fix liability more firmly. Adoption by the states of Article 4A of the Uniform Commercial Code will fix responsibility primarily on depository banks rather than on payor banks.

Banking industry, Bank clearinghouses, Technology application, Tort liability, Bank automation, Tort liability of banks, Check collection systems

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The science charade in toxic risk regulation

Article Abstract:

Science-based toxic substances regulatory failures have been largely blamed on the science when actually the agencies are inflating the scientific results to match their policy decisions to avoid political, legal and institutional complications. This system has led Congress to formulate a toxic regulatory scheme based on economic and technological feasibility. The problem can be resolved through various reforms such as court review of the separation between policy and science in toxic regulation.

United States, Political aspects, Science and state, Science policy, Hazardous substances

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Thoughts on science, technology and world law

Article Abstract:

International laws and treaties have facilitated much of the 20th century's progress in science and technology. Science and technology have also spurred the development of new areas of international law, including international environmental law dealing with such matters as the deterioration of the ozone layer and international agreements pertaining to intellectual property. Technology has also facilitated the legislative process itself.

Analysis, Law, Technology, Science, Science and law, Technology and law

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