Costly gains to breaking up: LECs and the Baby Bells

Article Abstract:

Cost savings have been achieved by local exchange carriers through increased competition following the divestiture of American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&T). The regional Bell operating companies (RBOCs), or Baby Bells, have attained the largest gains, with productivity rising at a comparatively constant rate. Cost savings of almost $72 million have been gained by the representative company, based on gains of 3-5% of total cost. The divestiture was aimed at yielding advantages in the long-distance market.

Telephone communications, exc. radio, Mergers, acquisitions and divestments, Finance, Long distance telephone services, Regional Bell Operating Companies, Long-distance telephone service, American Telephone and Telegraph Co.

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Hospital costs and excess bed capacity: a statistical analysis

Article Abstract:

A cost model of hospitals was developed and estimated to analyze excess bed capacity costs. Previously unapplied econometric methods were used, with all short-term community hospitals from 1979-1989 serving as basis for the estimation. Conservative estimates of the average optimal occupancy rate show the yearly cost of excess bed capacity to be $17.2 billion in 1989, $24.1 billion in 1991 and more than $25 billion in 1993.

Models, Usage, Statistics, Econometrics, Hospitalization, Nursing homes, Hospital care, Cost (Economics), Costs (Economics)

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Model entry and exit in a differentiated-product industry: the personal computer market

Article Abstract:

Industrial concentration in the personal computer industry was examined through econometric analysis. The industry is made up of firms in multi-product markets, where products are vertically differentiated. Established companies used their advantage in reputation and economies of scope to make new firms enter in more crowded market areas. No discontinuity is observed for both firm types.

Microcomputers, Computer industry, Product differentiation, New products, Product introduction, New business enterprises, Startups, Industrial organization

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