Negative externalities may cause delay in negotiation

Article Abstract:

The impact of identity-dependent, negative externalities on the strategic behavior of agents engaged in negotiation is considered. Specifically, a bargaining procedure between one seller and several purchasers modeled as finitely repeated generic games is investigated. From the unique subgame perfect Nash equilibrium, it is seen that a delay may occur when externalities are present. Their absence, however, does not result in delays but in a Walrasian final allocation.

Econometrics, Externalities (Economics), Negotiation, Negotiations

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Intertemporal population ethics: critical-level utilitarian principles

Article Abstract:

The use of critical-level generalized utilitarian principles for the evaluation of social policies across different populations within an intertemporal framework is considered. Specifically, a model with different population sizes, individual lifetime utilities, birth dates and individual lifetimes is introduced. It employs an axiom known as 'independence of the utilities of the dead' and eliminates social discounting of future utilities.

Utilitarianism, Population policy

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