Saving Krakow's face

Article Abstract:

Despoliation and air pollution threaten the population and the ecology of Krakow, Poland, once the country's capital in olden times. Industrial fog, acid rain and other pollutants are causing much damage to the health of its citizens, its vegetation and its structures. Heavy industrialization around the area during the Communist era, low-grade fuel in housing districts, factory waste and emissions from vehicles all add up to a dangerously high pollution level that makes the city an 'ecological disaster' area. Some possible solutions to Krakow's dilemma, including the shutdown of old and inefficient factories, are offered.

Prevention, Pollution, Krakow, Poland

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In the beginning...

Article Abstract:

The book of Genesis may provide ancient geographical information about the movement and socioeconomic development of people and of their relationship to the environment. Genesis means "beginning," and is the first book of the Old Testament of the Bible. The description of the Flood may have arisen from the 19th century theory of catastrophism. Genesis emphasizes the need to care for the environment, and reveals the early struggle between nomadic shepherds and settled farmers.

Criticism and interpretation, Geography, Ancient, Ancient geography, Geography, Historical, Historical geography, Bible. O.T. Genesis (Sacred work)

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A question of altitude

Article Abstract:

Tenerife in the Canary Islands illustrates the climatic diversity at varying altitudes and how mountain farming can adapt to the changes. There are four distinct climatic zones on the island, which interact with different winds. Temperature inversions result as altitude changes, and anabatic and katabatic winds can be created.

Analysis, History, Geomorphology, Altitude, Influence of, Canary Islands, Mountain ecology, Hill farming

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