Operationalizing direction and level of effort and testing their relationships to individual job performance

Article Abstract:

Individual performance is closely linked with effort level and direction of effort, according to a study of 115 bank tellers which tested the possibility of independent operationalization of direction and level of effort and looked at the importance of each component in individual job performance. The study shows that there is a difference between direction and level of effort as individual parts of motivation, and each is significant in understanding performance. However, better causal inference needs to be obtained, using tests which are longitudinal or experimental.

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Workers' evaluations of the "ends" and the "means": an examination of four models of distributive and procedural justice

Article Abstract:

Four different models of the justice-employee reaction relationship can be used to analyse the links between distributive and procedural justice in the forecasting of employee attitudes in areas such as loyalty to the company. One of the possible models of the link between distributive and procedural justice, the two-factor model, is based on the assumption that distributive justice has an impact on evaluations at company level, and has received extensive support. However, further research is needed on this subject, and possible research directions are discussed.

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