Corruption in eighteenth-century China

Article Abstract:

Non-Chinese traders and missionaries and Chinese commentators were aware of the harm and extensive influence of corruption in eighteenth-century China, with some observers attributing the corruption to an obsession with material matters such as wealth and power. Corruption took various forms, including extortion, influence peddling, corruption in the written law, corruption in the official culture, bribes and the sending of customary fees. Nonelite Chinese were fearful of the personal effect of corruption, while the bureaucrats and monarchs felt it politically beneficial to tolerate some illicit behavior.

Political corruption, 18th century AD, Judicial corruption, Judicial misconduct

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The barbed walls of China: a contemporary grassland drama

Article Abstract:

Land degradation and ecosystem decline, contradicting the spatial and ecological preferences of indigenous herders, are effects of the Chinese government's movement of barbed wire fencing on national rangelands. The mobile Mongol herders and their arid steppe homeland are considered obstacles to the national progress and economic development of China. In the name of economic development, the enclosure movement has deconstructed the arid steppe environment. Further, the landscape visual cues hardly provide herders the signs to deduce information on seasonal and daily resource management.

Political aspects, Environmental policy, Herders, Wire fencing

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A stage of their own: the problematics of women's theater in post-Mao China

Article Abstract:

The portrayal of women's issues in Chinese theater in the post-Maoist era is analysed. The analysis focuses on 'A trilogy of women' by female playwright Bai Fengxi, which compares post-Maoist culture with that of Maoist China. The trilogy includes 'First Bathed in Moonlight'; 'Once Loved and in a Storm Returning'; and 'Where is Longing in Autumn'. Women's issues feature heavily in Bai's plays; and Bai herself was an active speaker for women's liberation.

Women, Portrayals, Works, Dramatists, Playwrights, Theater, Bai Fengxi

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