From "American Independence" to the "American Revolution."

Article Abstract:

The term American Revolution basically replaced the American War of Independence in 1781 and 1782 because of 'The Revolution of America' by Guillaume Thomas Francois Raynal and Thomas Paine's response to the book. Previously, revolution meant the overthrowing of James II, but it slowly began to mean the adoption of original political ideas while independence meant a separation from the dominant nation. Both the book and Paine's response were publicly distributed, which brought the new term to prominence. It had been occasionally used earlier but never in a public forum.

Political activity, Criticism and interpretation, Paine, Thomas, Raynal, Guillaume Thomas Francois

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American studies in Britain: doctoral theses on American topics in progress and completed

Article Abstract:

A bibliography of completed and in progress British doctoral theses in American Studies has been complied by professors of the David and Mary Eccles Centre for American Studies of the British Library. The Council for National Academic Awards and the Institute of United States Studies along with university registries and departments provided the necessary information. Theses are presented by categories such as art, economics and law and listed alphabetically by author under each category. Completed theses are indicated with an asterisk.

Bibliography, American studies, Dissertations, Academic, Dissertations

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German redemptioners of the lower sort: Apolitical soldiers in the American Revolution?

Article Abstract:

Many of colonial America's population comprised immigrants and children of recent immigrants, during the revolution. Studies of American reactions to the revolution should not be restricted to generalization due to the variety of ethnic groups involved. Ethnic identity among Germans in particular remained important, and redemptioners of the lower sort appear to have had the same reactions as other soldiers from the lower sort.

Soldiers, Portrayals, Germans

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