Scientists--and Climbers--Discover Cliff Ecosystems

Article Abstract:

Researchers studying the ecology of cliffs are finding that cliffs are surprisingly diverse biological communities. A study of California's Joshua Tree National Park found 60% more bird species and 300% more plant species on the granite spires as on the flat desert below. The inaccessibility of cliffs protects this biodiversity, but rock climbers are doing environmental damage to cliffs.

United States, Reports, Environmental aspects, Wildlife research, Ecological research, Rock climbing, Cliffs

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New Drills Augur a Great Leap Downward

Article Abstract:

Researchers are inventing ways to drill holes that depend on other technology than dynamite and drills. Lasers show promise in drilling, as they can cut through rock more quickly than drills. Another technique explored is a machine that simply melts its way down. Yet another technique involves heating the rock severely.

Innovations, Drilling machines, Drilling and boring, Boring, Drilling, Drilling and boring machinery, Boring machines

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The great asymmetry

Article Abstract:

Science is not intrinsically good or evil, but it has the power to magnify the potential effects of events in human history. There is asymmetry between the time necessary to build complex systems and the fraction of that time needed to destroy them.

Cover Story, Ethical aspects, Science, Culture, Science and civilization

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