Cumulative trauma disorders: behavioral injury prevention at work

Article Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to decrease the risk of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) during keyboard entry tasks through a combination of training, self-monitoring, feedback, goal-setting, and reinforcement. Technologies from biomechanics, ergonomics, and behavioral psychology were combined effectively to construct a powerful training package. As the subjects entered text on a keyboard, their postures and hand-wrist positions were recorded. After baseline data were gathered, subjects received training and self-monitored either posture or hand-wrist position. Feedback, goal-setting, and reinforcement were given later on both behaviors in a staggered fashion. The results indicate dramatic increases in the percentages of correctly performed postures and neutral hand-wrist positions, for all subjects. The training components used are reviewed in detail and the impact of these results is discussed. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Research, Occupational health and safety, Occupational safety and health, Prevention, Overuse injuries, Repetition strain injury, Cumulative trauma disorders, Carpal tunnel syndrome

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Crime Prevention: a new approach

Article Abstract:

The Eisenhower Foundation's Neighborhood Anti-Crime Self-Help Program is an innovative effort that returns crime prevention responsibilities to the community. Crime prevention and living quality objectives are met by: determining the causes of crime; eliminating opportunities for criminals; and gaining local self-sufficiency with only initial funding. Many cities that have low income areas and high crime rates are now participating in this program, which has been successful largely because it has emphasized a sense of community involvement and ownership. The program includes a community evaluation; an open planning workshop; finding people who can give technical help and advice; and establishing monitoring mechanisms.

Innovations, Safety and security measures, Services, Community development, Crime prevention, Eisenhower Foundation

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Alterable predictors of educational attainment, income, and crime: Findings from an inner-city cohort

Article Abstract:

A comprehensive set of predictors of educational attainment, employment, income and adult crime from more than 1500 children from the Chicago Longitudinal Study is discussed. Results show that multiple indicators are associated with outcomes from a single domain, but few indicators predicted outcomes across all domains.

United States, Analysis, Academic achievement, Social surveys, Crime analysis

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