Exemplar and abstraction models of perceived group variability and stereotypicality

Article Abstract:

Four models are used to explore two characteristics of perceived out-group homogeneity, notably perceived group variability and stereotypicality. The models may be divided into multiple exemplar and property abstraction models. Exemplar models are characterized by the following: memory traces determine the knowledge of a category and are retrieved using the probe-echo process and are compared to exemplars to determine perceived similarity. The property abstraction models include the category-density model and the on-line vs. memory-based processes. Results indicate that both models are similarly not affected by the perception of out-group homogeneity. The memory based models offer a greater explanation for the results.

Models, Human information processing, Individual differences, Individual differences (Psychology)

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In search of similarity: stereotypes as naive theories in social categorization

Article Abstract:

Naive theories, or knowledge structures with a causal or explanatory element, play a role in social categorization and stereotyping. Two empirical studies show that stereotypes based on naive theories of social group attributes offer a more adequate explanation of the partitions between groupings in a social environment than similarity-based conceptions of social categorization. Thus, it is possible to conceptualize stereotypes as social knowledge based on the perceiver's naive theories.

Cognition, Social perception, Knowledge, Theory of, Epistemology, Social groups

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Motivation, attention, and judgment: a natural sample spaces account

Article Abstract:

The part that motivated attention plays in likelihood judgment was analyzed. The natural sample spaces model of Gavanski et. al. was used as a basis for conclusion. It discusses the two basic ways on how motivation influences judgment and whether this will determine the accuracy and inaccuracy of judgment. It refers to a more sophisticated mechanism to determine the classification and examples these individuals will use to define ultimate judgment accuracy.

Judgment, Judgment (Psychology)

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