Social movements in the renegotiation of the bases for citizenship in West Africa

Article Abstract:

The youth movements under conditions of conflict and post-conflict transition and rural youth movements in the mobilization for development are the two social movements involved in negotiating effective citizenship rights in West Africa. These movements played a leading role in the struggle for democracy and human rights and were very prominent in the struggles for peace and post-conflict democratization.

Human Rights, Youth movement

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Human capital and credentialism: the sociological explanation of racial inequalities in South Africa

Article Abstract:

In the contemporary period after apartheid, class is driving much of the inequality but the role of historic discrimination in social structure cannot be denied. Schooling is found to be one of the major factors driving inequality in South Africa and the problem of inequality and racial wage gaps need to be addressed by policy-makers.

Racial Oppression, Race discrimination, Human capital

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