Analysis of fusion gene and encoded photopigment of colour-blind humans

Article Abstract:

The color vision of a male patient with red-green color-blindness was investigated by showing him various mixtures of red and green lights, compared to a consistent yellow light. He perceived all mixtures of red and green as equivalent to the one shade of yellow. This revealed that the individual was a dichromat, meaning he could only distinguish two of the three primary colors. It is believed that deficits in red-green color perception stem from abnormalities on the X chromosome. (Chromosomes are cell structures that carry the genes, or genetic codes; the X chromosome is a sex-linked chromosome.) The unusual arrangement of X-linked genes yields a recombination called a fusion gene. For the first time an individual's fusion gene was analyzed and its structure was related to the color pigments the patient could see.

Causes of, Color blindness, Vision disorders, Perception, Disorders of, Perceptual distortion

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Trichromatic color vision in New World monkeys

Article Abstract:

The New World monkeys of the Alouatta genus have trichromatic color vision due to the formation of three cone pigments by the pigment genes on the X-chromosome. The electroretinograms of an A. seniculus female, and an A. caraya male and female are similar to those of humans with trichromatic vision. PCR analysis of the X-chromosome exon 5 shows the presence of two pigment genes that encode sequences similar to human pigments. Other New World monkeys have dichromatic vision and heterozygosity of the X-chromosome produces trichromatic vision in some females.

Research, X chromosome, Color vision, Howler monkeys

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Ecological importance of trichromatic vision to primates

Article Abstract:

Research is presented concerning the benefits which trichromatic vision in primates gives to these mammals in their search for young leaves or ripe fruits among mature foliage. Four trichromatic species are discussed.

Analysis, Food and nutrition, Mammals, Letter to the Editor, Primates, Vision research

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