Development, plasticity and evolution of butterfly eyespot patterns

Article Abstract:

The regulation of eyespot developmental pathway for the evolution of eyespot patterns in butterflies is independent of wing-pattern elements and body structures. Eyespot pattern mutants and regulatory gene expressions demonstrate that this developmental pathway determines the eyespot position, number, size and color. Only a few changes in the regulatory genes bring about changes in this pathway. The existence of polyphenic adult color patterns in the wet and dry seasons shows that the eyespot developmental pathway is plastic and under environmental control.

Observations, Gene expression, Embryology, Animal embryology

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Captivity masks inbreeding effects on male mating success in butterflies

Article Abstract:

Research demonstrates that any decrease in mating of captive caged inbred male butterflies is accentuated under condtions of unconstrained flight. Data suggest that the behaviours associated with the mating patterns can be influenced by an inbreeding history or restraining conditions.

Netherlands, Behavior, Influence, Genetic aspects, Courtship of animals, Mating behavior, Inbreeding, Captive wild animals, Mating behaviour

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How and why to spot fly wings

Article Abstract:

Comparative studies have revealed that the development of even widely disparate organisms uses a surprisingly similar set of mechanisms. Studies of wing color development in fruitflies point to specific changes in a gene's regulatory region.

United States, Physiological aspects, Developmental biology, Wings (Animal), Animal wings, Fruit-flies, Fruit flies

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