Distinct functions of nuclear and cytoplasmic calcium in the control of gene expression

Article Abstract:

Nuclear microinjection of a non-diffusible calcium chelator was made to impede increases in nuclear, but not cytoplasmic, calcium concentrations following activation of L-type voltage-gated calcium channels. This was done to show that gene expression is controlled by nuclear and cytoplasmic calcium signals which allow a single second messenger to generate diverse transcriptional responses. Results further showed that increased nuclear calcium concentration control calcium-activated gene expression mediated by the cyclic-AMP-response element. A second signaling pathway results from a rise in cytoplasmic calcium and does not require more nuclear calcium.

Gene expression, Calcium, Calcium (Chemical element)

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Guides to 95 new angles

Article Abstract:

Pseudouridine, otherwise known as psi, is a modified nucleoside found on eukaryotic ribosomal ribonucleic acid. Research indicates that around 95 psi residues exist on the human ribosome. It is formed when psi synthase enzyme catalyzes a reaction involving the uracil base of the chromosome. Evidence suggests that an unpaired nucleotide sequence allows the psi enzyme into the double helix structure to perform its function.

Genetic aspects, Eukaryotic cells, Cells (Biology), Eukaryotes, Ribosomal RNA, Nucleosides

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