Distinct pools of synaptic vesicles in neurotransmitter release

Article Abstract:

The synapsin is essential to gather the major pool of synaptic vesicles as clusters at the release sites and these associations maintain the neurotransmitter release in response to the high-frequency bursts of impulses. The vesicle clusters have two pools, one distal pool possessing synapsin and the other proximal pool deficient of synapsin. Presynaptic induction of synapsin antibodies loses the distal pool without effecting the proximal pool but the ability to respond to high-frequency impulses is also lost.

Observations, Neurotransmitters

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Synaptic vesicle-associated Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II is a binding protein for synapsin I

Article Abstract:

The binding of the C-terminal region of synapsin I, a synaptic vesicle-linked phosphoprotein, requires the regulatory domain of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II. This type of kinase acts both as a binding protein for synapsin I and as an enzyme that phophorylates synapsin I and aids it in dissociating from the vesicles. This allows synapsin I to assist in modulating the release of neurotransmitters.

Carrier proteins, Transport proteins, Protein kinases

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Control of lamprey locomotor neurons by colocalized monoamine transmitters

Article Abstract:

Dopamine is present in the spinal 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) neurons and it reduces afterhyperpolarization. However, unlike 5-HT, this reduction is due to a limitation of calcium entry during the action potential. Midline neurons release both 5-HT and dopamine, which follow different cellular mechanisms to reduce after hyperpolarization. Both dopamine and 5-HT exert similar effects on the locomotor network.

Physiological aspects, Neurons, Dopamine, Neural transmission, Neural transmission regulation

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