How inclines affect the escape behaviour of a dune-dwelling lizard, Uma scoparia

Article Abstract:

The escape tracks of the Mojave fringe-toed lizard, Uma scoparia, were investigated to determine the use of inclined surfaces and measure the performance during escape in this dune-dwelling species. Results show that the direction of the initial 1-m segment of the escape trajectory is away from the perceived threat but does not necessarily follow the direction with the least incline or the closest cover. Speed was maximized on level surfaces and the laboratory performance of these lizards is only 75% of that measured in the field.

Alarm responses (Animal behavior), Lizards, Animal locomotion, Alarm reaction

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Keep the chicks moving: how Sandwich terns can minimize kleptoparasitism by black-headed gulls

Article Abstract:

Sandwich terns and black-headed gulls often nest together because the gulls provide terns with protection against predators, However, tern reproductive success can be adversely affected by predation and food loss. A new study investigates whether parental removal of chicks from the nest site is an evasive strategy to reduce predation and robbery by gulls. The study shows that kleptoparasitism rates were greatly reduced when tern chicks were moved away from nesting sites, allowing the chicks to grow quicker and fledge earlier.

Predation (Biology), Terns, Parasitic birds, Animal behavior, Black-headed gull, Black headed gull

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