Influence of NOx emissions from ships on tropospheric photochemistry and climate
Article Abstract:
Nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission data and a high-resolution chemistry-transport model have been used to estimate that ship NOx emissions lead to a more than 100-fold rise in surface NOx concentrations in ocean areas where there is a substantial amount of shipping activity. This rise has a particular impact on modelled surface ozone and hydroxyl-radical concentrations. The impact of ocean-going ship emission of NOx is set to rise significantly as ship traffic continues to expand. There is a strong argument for considering policies designed to reduce the quite large pollutant emissions from ships.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1999
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Parameters for global ecosystem models
Article Abstract:
Tian and colleagues's process based ecosystem model, estimates net CO(sub2) exchanges. A large interannual variability was deduced, being mainly a function of soil moisture. It is pointed out that emissions of isoprene and other volatile organic compounds should also be considered. Guenther and colleagues estimated a global VOC emission of 1.15 Pg C per year. Research in the forests of Surinam, using a proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer, measured high concentrations of short-lived isoprene, as well as high concentrations of various VOC compounds.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1999
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A mechanism for halogen release from the sea-salt aerosol in the remote marine boundary layer
Article Abstract:
Accepted formation mechanisms for reactive halogens require high concentrations of nitrogen oxides, conditions not found in the unpolluted air of the remote marine boundary layer. It is hypothesized that an autocatalytic mechanism for halogen release exists in the boundary layer. Sea-salt aerosol absorbs and converts HOBr into slightly soluble BrCl and Br2, which are released as gas. These gaseous BrCl and HOCl could then reach molar mixing ratios of up to 35 pmol mol(-1) provided certain sea-salt concentrations and time durations occur.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1996
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