Language-specific phoneme representations revealed by electric and magnetic brain responses
Article Abstract:
It has been proposed that early processing of sounds depends on whether these sounds form part of speech. This speech specificity hypothesis suggests the existence of language-dependent memory traces that go into action when speech is processed, but not when complex acoustic non-speech stimuli are processed. The presence of such traces in the human brain is examined using the Finnish phoneme prototype /e/ as the frequent stimulus and the Estonian prototype /o/ as the infrequent stimulus. Cortical memory of speech sounds were found, providing support for the speech specificity postulate.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 1997
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In and out of equilibrium
Article Abstract:
Albert Einstein's work on Brownian motion showed how thermal equilibrium could be brought about by work exchanged through thermal fluctuations and viscous dissipation. Glasses are out-of-equilibrium systems in which this exchange happens at widely different timescales simultaneously.
Publication Name: Nature
Subject: Zoology and wildlife conservation
ISSN: 0028-0836
Year: 2005
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