MAdCAM-1 has homology to immunoglobulin and mucin-like adhesion receptors and to lgA1

Article Abstract:

The interactions of the endothelium of specialized venules, such as the high endothelial venules (HEV) in lymph modes and mucosal lymphoid tissues 1.3, is regulated by the homing of tissue-specific lymphocytes. The MA alpha CAM-1, with two amino-terminal domains with stronger homology than the ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, vascular adhesion receptors for leukocytes, projects the mucosal addressin as a new immunoglobulin family. The domain of the membrane's proximity is homologous to the third domain (C alpha 2) of mucosa-associated immunoglobulin family member IgA1. MAdCAM-1, a complex multi-domain receptor, displays several structural motifs involved in the lymphocytic homing reactions.

Mucous membrane, Villi

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Chick limbs, fly wings and homology at the fringe

Article Abstract:

New studies on the mechanisms through which the dorsoventral axis in vertebrates is set up cast doubt on the notion that bird and insect wings are analogous. The studies found that molecular mechanisms for the formation and growth of the dorsoventral wing margin are conserved, at least partly, at the margin of the vertebrate limb. The dorsoventral boundary was found to form at the juxtaposition of the dorsal and ventral cells, the former expressing a protein called fringe. Formation of the apical ectodermal ridge occurs as a result of the expression boundary of the radical fringe gene, which encodes fringe protein in vertebrates.

Analysis, Physiological aspects, Vertebrates, Extremities (Anatomy), Vertebrae, Thoracic, Thoracic vertebrae, Animal anatomy

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Protein model building using structural homology

Article Abstract:

Protein structure can be determined through homology modeling. The method uses the likeness in sequence and structure among related proteins to deduce new proteins' conformation. In this way the method allows the construction of models for the many proteins whose chemical sequences have been discovered. The first two steps in homology modeling are to look through one or more sequence databases to determine proteins similar to the desired model and to locate the structurally conserved regions in the reference structures.

Models, Usage, Proteins, Homology (Biology)

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