mutY 'directs' mutation?

Article Abstract:

Bacterial cells in the resting state undergo spontaneous directed mutations to overcome the starvation induced by this state. The mutations involve transversion of the G:C base pairs probably caused by 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine leading to the transversion of G:C to T:A by incorporating the adenine opposite it. The bacterial glycosylase MutY removes these wrongly incorporated adenine residues. The mutY deficiency in the tyrA14 ochre strain WU3610 causes starvation-induced mutations similar to those seen in normal strains but at a faster rate.

Microbial enzymes

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The odds of losing at genetic roulette: The number of harmful mutations that arise in each generation has been measured, and it is surprisingly high

Article Abstract:

The deleterious mutation rate is difficult to measure, but Eyre-Walker and Keightley have provided estimates. They concentrated on protein-coding regions, measuring amino-acid changes in 46 proteins in the human ancestral line. The deleterious rates determined were 4.2 mutations per person per generation. The rates for chimpanzees were 1.7 and for gorillas 1.2. The existence of high deleterious mutation rates reinforces the argument that sexual reproduction is an efficient method of eliminating harmful mutations.

Genomes

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