Seasonal and diel variation in the open ocean concentration of marine snow aggregates

Article Abstract:

A study of the seasobnal and diel variations in the open ocean concentration of marine snow aggregates is reported. Marine snow are aggregated particles greater than 0.5 mm and have a key role in oceanic biogeochemical cycles. The study protocol involved measurements of marine snow abundance, volume cocentration and size distribution in the Northeast Atlantic over a 5-month period. The results showed very significant seasonal and diel variations in the concentrations of marine snow at a depth of 270 meters. Mid-water biota and their migration were implicated in diel variability, indicating an important role for these organisms in open-ocean particle flux.

Measurement, Environmental aspects, Biogeochemical cycles, North Atlantic Ocean, Sediment, Suspended, Suspended sediment

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Structural changes linked to proton translocation by subunit c of the ATP synthase

Article Abstract:

It has been possible to identify the structural changes in the proton-translocating F0 subunit c of ATP synthases that are prompted by deprotonating the specific aspartic acid involved in proton transport. The structures of the two forms of the protein, along with the known interactions between subunit c monomers and between subunits a and c, have led researchers to present a hypothesis for the mechanism for the rotation within F0 that drives ATP synthesis on F1. The actual protein pathways may involve chains of water molecules as have been seen in crystal structures of several membrane proteins.

Adenosine triphosphatase

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