New ways of looking at cities

Article Abstract:

A study on the evolution of cities shows that human population changes with the radius and the area of the city. The correlation between the rank and area of cities to their size is the same for all cities regardless of their size. Acknowledging this phenomenon will help planners decentralize urban areas. Earlier cities were concentrated around business areas that modern cities often lack, having several centers instead. Urban planning, professionalized in western societies over 100 years ago, remains a top-down activity which would benefit from informed decision-making.

Research, Analysis, Cities and towns, City planning, Urban planning

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New ways with wealth

Article Abstract:

The World Bank has created a new method of measuring a nation's wealth using natural and produced assets, human resources and social capital instead of gross national product. However, this method is controversial not only because of its vaguely defined terms but also because the wealth would fluctuate as resources gained or lost value or were discovered or used up. For example, the value of natural resources is an estimate of the market value minus the extraction costs which are themselves estimates. Economists are unlikely to support the endeavour.

Standards, Measurement, World Bank, Wealth

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Twenty-eight ways to build a solar system

Article Abstract:

There is a bewildering array of extrasolar planetary systems and it is believed that some newly discovered planets are gas giants with a solid core. Levison and colleagues have modelled several possible outer solar systems using 28 numerical simulations of the aggregation of planetary embryos, to study planetary diversity. They found much variety in the simulations which may be due to the wider range of physical parameters used.

Models, Solar system

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