Pakistan weighs up impact of sanctions

Article Abstract:

Pakistani scientists are likely to face additional restrictions on access to technology and science facilities in western countries, due to their government having decided to carry out nuclear tests. The US and United Kingdom have already banned the supply of defense-related tecnolology to Pakistan. The Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics, a United Nations body in Trieste, Italy, could be affected. Opinion is divided in Pakistan, with some scientists arguing that they can benefit from links with Muslim nations, and others seeing the nest science as concentrated in Europe and the US.

Testing, Nuclear weapons, Nuclear testing, Nuclear research

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The continuing question of the bomb

Article Abstract:

Abdul Qadir Khan, director of Pakistan's uranium enrichment laboratories at Kahuta, asserts that the uranium enriched in the laboratories is not weapons-grade but only reactor-grade, but adds that it is capable of developing nuclear weapons depending upon the wish of the politicians. Western intelligence agencies feel that Pakistan has refused to sign the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty because it possesses a nuclear bomb. The former Pakistan prime minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto laid the foundation of the project to develop a nuclear bomb and it was followed by his successors.

Management, Nuclear weapons (International law), Qadeer Khan, Abdul

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Imprisoning the beams of the sun

Article Abstract:

Science in Pakistan has not received much attention except for nuclear energy which has proliferated at the cost of other research fields. Education and science continue to be two of Pakistan's main failures in the almost 50 years of its independence. Only 30% of adults are literate, post-primary education is not compulsory and only 3% of young people get into the 22 universities. Underfunding, poor management and lack of productive goals contribute to the indifferent state of science.

Science and state, Science policy

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