Pituitary lineage determination by the Prophet of Pit-1 homeodomain factor defective in Ames dwarfism

Article Abstract:

A tissue-specific paired-like homeodomain transcription factor, Prophet of Pit-1 (Prop-1), enables the positional cloning of a gene responsible for a heritable form of murine pituitary-dependent Ames dwarfism. A failure in the determination of the Pit-1 lineage required for the production of growth hormone, prolactin and thyroid stimulating hormone results in dysmorphogenesis and inactivation of the Pit-1 gene expression. The cascade of tissue-specific regulators accounts for the determination and differentiation of cell lineages in pituitary organogenesis.

Abnormalities, Genetic regulation, Face, Facies (Medicine)

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Pitx2 regulates lung asymmetry, cardiac positioning and pituitary and tooth morphogenesis

Article Abstract:

It appears that Pitx2, a putative downstream target of nodal-induced pathways, controls specific aspects of organ asymmetry and heart positioning. However, it does not change the direction of cardiac looping. There is evidence that Pitx2 is the vital downstream target of ActRIIB, a putative Nodal receptor, regulating effects on both cardiac positioning and pulmonary isomerism. It is the transcription factor that encodes 'leftness' of the lung.

Birth defects

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Pit-1-dependent expression of the receptor for growth hormone releasing factor mediates pituitary cell growth

Article Abstract:

A pituitary receptor in mice and rats, whose DNA has been cloned for the first time, is expressed in a time-wise and spatial pattern that precisely matches the expression of growth hormone gene. Neither gene is expressed in dwarf mice, which suggests that the lowered functioning of the pituitary in these mice is due to a lack of the Pit-1 transcription factor, which in turn leads to an absence of receptors for growth hormone releasing factor.

Causes of, Somatotropin, Pituitary gland, Somatotropin receptors

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