Skull of the large non-macrostomatan snake Yurlunggur from the Australian Oligo-Miocene

Article Abstract:

Two partial skeletons referred to Yulunggur, from the late Oligocene and early Miocene of northern Australia, which almost represent the complete skull and mandible are reported. The exceptionally preserved skull provide evidence linking Yulunggur with other madtsoiids, falsifying predictions of the macrostomatan hypothesis and supporting the exclusion of Madtsoiidae from the clade including all extant snakes.

Australia, Discovery and exploration, Animals, Fossil, Snakes, Fossil animals

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Diet and snake venom evolution

Article Abstract:

Geographical variations in snake venom appear to be a result of the snakes' differing diets in different areas. The association between predicted venom variation in the pitviper Calloselasma rhodostoma and experimentally observed variation are analyzed by partial Mantel test. The venom of captive-bred C. rhodostoma generates electrophoretic profiles, indicating that venom/prey association is genetically based.

Poisonous snakes, Snake venoms

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