Raf gets it together

Article Abstract:

Activation of the signal transduction Raf-1 protein depends on its interaction with the active GTPase Ras, but the exact mechanism of activation by Ras is not clear. Oligomerization may provide an activation route whereas simple mixing of Ras-GTP and Raf-1 fail to cause activation. Interaction of Raf and Ras-GTP cause recruitment of the Raf to the plasma membrane where di- or oligomerization occurs facilitating phosphorylation. One result show that this oligomerization is sufficient for the activation whereas the other reveals the crucial role of Ras-GTP.

Polymerization

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Docking IvarkappaBeta kinases

Article Abstract:

The NF-varKappaBeta transcription factor is sent rapidly into the nucleus by mammalian cells in response to stress or inflammatory and immune reactions. Two IvarkappaBeta kinases (IKKs) are central to the activation of NF-varKappaBeta. Cohen and colleagues and Rothwarf and colleagues have provided an indication as to how IKK-alpha and IKK-beta activity is regulated.

Proteins

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DAP kinase links the control of apoptosis to metastasis

Article Abstract:

The new type of calcium/calmodulin-dependent enzyme, DAP kinase, phosphorylates serine/threonine residues on proteins. Studies have shown that lung carcinoma clones, distinguished by their aggressive metastatic behaviour, did not express DAP kinase. The loss of DAP kinase expression offers a unique mechanism linking suppression of apoptosis to metastasis.

Cell death, Enzymes, Metastasis, Cancer metastasis

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