Semaphorin III is needed for normal patterning and growth of nerves, bones and heart

Article Abstract:

Expression patterns of Semaphorin III indicate that they play important roles in the patterning and growth of the nervous system, bones and the heart. Mice mutants generated in the semaIII by homologous recombination are shown to have some sensory axons projecting into inappropriate regions of the spinal cord, where expression of semaIII normally occurs. A look at the cerebral cortex of homozygous mutant mice reveals a scarcity of neurophil as well as abnormally oriented neuronal processes. Some embryonic bones and cartilagINNus structures also show abnormal development. These suggest that semaIII may be a signal that restricts growth in many developing organs.

Analysis, Genetic aspects, Mice, Mice (Rodents), Gene expression, Genetics, Animal mutation

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Renal abnormalities in mutant mice

Article Abstract:

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) generates angiotensin II on endothelial surfaces of the body and other peptides which facilitate fluid and electrolyte balance and contribute to maintaining blood pressure. Its role in early embryonic stages, including epithelia, has been expressed but poorly defined. Particular interest has been in ACE's potential roles in development because renal abnormalities can occur due to pharmacological blockade in neonatal rats.

Angiotensin converting enzyme, Rats

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Hypertension in mice lacking the gene for endothelial nitric oxide synthase

Article Abstract:

An analysis of the role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in vascular function revealed the absence of endothelium-derived relaxing factor activity in mutant mice that lacked eNOS. These eNOS negative mutants are hypertensive, indicating that eNOS mediates basal vasodilation. However, blood pressure control appears to involve non-endothelial nitric oxide synthase isoforms based on the response to the eNOS blockade in the mutant mice.

Hypertension, Physiological aspects, Nitric oxide

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