Sex differences in the functional organization of the brain for language

Article Abstract:

Echo-planar functional magnetic resonance imaging helps study sex differences in the functional organization of the brain for language. In males, phonological tasks involve functions in the left inferior frontal gyrus region, while in females the same tasks involve a more diffused neural system engaging left as well as right inferior frontal gyrus region. The difference in brain organization is usually observed during phonological processing.

Brain, Language and languages, Localization (Brain function)

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Ammonia excretion by hummingbirds

Article Abstract:

Scientists have established the Anna's hummingbird, Calypte anna, excretes ammonia in some circumstances and uric acid in others. The ability to switch between secreting ammonia and uric acid is unheard of in other bides but is possible. Analysed samples of hummingbird urine contain a greater concentration of ammonia than uric acid at 10, 20 and 40 degrees centigrade.

Research, Hummingbirds, Nitrogen metabolism, Excretion

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