Snowpack production of formaldehyde and its effect on the Arctic troposphere

Article Abstract:

Measurements of gas-phase formaldehyde (HCHO) at Canadian Forces Station Alert, Northwest Territories, Canada, have been used to study formaldehyde concentrations in Arctic surface air. It was established that HCHO concentrations are relatively high during the dark period. This is the result of transport from anthropogenic source regions. After it is formed, HCHO itself can be photolysed in the snowpack interstitial space to produce HO2 radicals, which can then enter the quasi-liquid layer of the snow crystals and be converted into more reactive OH radicals.

Analysis, Formaldehyde, Arctic research

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Interleukin-4-dependent production of PPAR-gamma ligands in macrophages by 12/15-lipoxygenase

Article Abstract:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) is highly expressed in macrophages from thioglycollate-elicited peritonitis. Cytokines and other factors known to control macrophage differentiation and function were evaluated to determine their potential effects on PPAR-gamma expression. Interleukin-4 is shown to induce the expression of PPAR-gamma and 12-15-lipoxygenase mediates interleukin-4-dependent transcription of the CD36 gene in macrophages.

Macrophages, Interleukin-4

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A permanent decline in oil production?

Article Abstract:

Ohio-based University of Toledo Geology Dept. professor Craig Bond Hatfield's grim forecast of a permanent decrease in world oil output within the next two decades is basically flawed. Hatfield provides figures for existing and potential oil resources only from wells but not from other sources, such as the tar sands in Athabasca or the heavy oil products of the Orinoco. He also exaggerates the role that oil prices play in economic growth.

Evaluation, Economic aspects, Petroleum, Natural gas exploration, Oil and gas exploration, Petroleum exploration

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