Two distinct actions of retinoid-receptor ligands

Article Abstract:

Retinoid-receptor ligands, such as RAR-alpha, induce two distinct actions - one enables RXR-RAR-alpha heterodimers to bind to DNA in vivo and allow RXR agonists to function, while the other induces transcription of RAR-alpha. NB4 human acute promyelocytic leukaemia cells treated when with either an RAR-alpha-selective agonist alone, or certain RAR-alpha antagonists alongwith an RXR agonist induce receptor-DNA binding in vivo. This leads to the expression of the target genes of retinoic acid and acute promyelocytic leukaemia relocation and differentiation prior to cell death.

Genetic transcription, Transcription (Genetics), Retinoids

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Low nitrate:phosphate ratios in the global ocean

Article Abstract:

The worldwide oceanic denitrification budget may need to be re-examined in light of evidence of a low nitrate:phosphate ratio in the world ocean. Denitrification is likely to have caused the low ratio, with denitrification in the North Pacific Ocean's northern and western regions probably overlooked in earlier studies. The global ocean's primary production is heavily influenced by the availability and distribution of phosphate and nitrate nutrients. Oceanographic observations are used to study the nitrate:phosphate concentration ratio.

Influence, Phosphates, Letter to the Editor, Nitrates, Denitrification

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Photochemical cycling of iron in the surface ocean mediated bu microbial iron(III)-binding ligands

Article Abstract:

Research on dissolved iron found within oceans is examined in detail, with a focus on photochemical cycling and the role of bacteria in this process.

Analysis, Iron, Iron (Metal)

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