Abstracts

Anthropology/archeology/folklore

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Routes through the eastern desert of Egypt

Article Abstract:

Ancient Egyptian trade routes between the Red Sea port of Berenike, and the Nile emporia of Edfu, Apollinopolis Magna, and Coptos, include both fortified and unfortified stations, a number of cairns, signal towers, mines and settlements linked by branch roads. The dates for activity at stops along the roads have been estimated using collected surface shreds. Though this method of surface surveying cannot be used to make a comprehensive study, it gives a general idea about the history of routes. Main imports during the Ptolemaic era were elephants and gold for the military.

Nile River, Eastern Desert (Egypt)

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The copper hoards of Northern India

Article Abstract:

Ancient copper weapons and shattered pottery found in the Ganges-Yamuna Doab, whose existence have been dated by experts to the first third of the year 2000 BC, are described. The tools found include harpoons, axes and knives of varying shapes and sizes. Due to their design, their inherent function remains in doubt. Only circumstantial evidence of their formation exists, resulting in non-conclusive identification of the people who utilized these ancient wares.

India, Tools, Prehistoric, Prehistoric tools, Pottery, Civilization, Ancient, Ancient civilization, Axes, Prehistoric, Prehistoric axes

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The Willcox copper plate from Florida

Article Abstract:

The article explores the social and historical significance of the Willcox copper plate, discovered in Florida during the late 1800s and dating from the Mississippian Period (AD 900-1600). The plate shows a raised pattern depicting a taloned bird. The markings are similar to those found in Missouri, indicating the existence of an exchange network between the two regions.

Florida, Prehistoric peoples, America, Copperwork

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