Organic carbonates
Article Abstract:
The diesterification of carbonic acid with hydroxy compounds generates organic carbonates. The types of organic carbonates formed depends on the characteristics of hydroxy compounds. Dimethyl carbonate is the simplest among the various types of organic carbonates. The synthesis of organic carbonates using a phosgenation technique, oxidative carbonylation, metal carbonates, carbonation interchange reaction, reaction of urea with alcohols/phenols, and reaction of oxiranes with carbon dioxide are discussed. The application of various organic carbonates are also given.
Publication Name: Chemical Reviews
Subject: Chemistry
ISSN: 0009-2665
Year: 1996
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Synthetic aspects of the di-pi-methane rearrangement
Article Abstract:
The di-pi-methane rearrangement reactions of oxa-di-pi-methane and aza-di-p-methane provide an alternative method for the synthesis of organic compounds. The mechanism of the rearrangement involves singlet rearrangements on direct irradiation without the use of a sensitizer. The triplet rearrangements proceed by the addition of a sensitizer that absorbs light. This is followed by excitation of the reactant molecule on collision with the excited sensitizer. The reactant molecule is excited to the triplet state.
Publication Name: Chemical Reviews
Subject: Chemistry
ISSN: 0009-2665
Year: 1996
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Low molecular mass gelators of organic liquids and the properties of their gels
Article Abstract:
Organogels are temperature-reversible viscous materials composed of an organic liquid and a low concentration of a gelator. The relative strength of the gel is dependent on factors which influence the aggregation process, such as the solvent, polarity, lability and shape of the gelator, and temperature. Organogels are useful in biocatalysis, extraction processes, lubrication, cosmetic and food manufacturing, and drug delivery systems.
Publication Name: Chemical Reviews
Subject: Chemistry
ISSN: 0009-2665
Year: 1997
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