Compiling for distributed-memory systems

Article Abstract:

Distributed-memory multiprocessing systems (DMMP) lack programming tools for software development at a suitably high level, which requires that users deal with all aspects of data and work distribution to the processors, and that they control program execution at a very low level. Compilation techniques for the source-to-source translation of programs in an extended Fortran 77 to equivalent parallel message-passing programs are examined. The Data Parallel Fortran (DPF) machine-independent extension to Fortran 77 is introduced; DPF lets users write programs for DMMPs using global addresses and lets them specify the distribution of data across a machine's processors. Also introduced is message passing Fortran (MPF), which is a Fortran extension that lets explicitly parallel programs be formulated that communicate through explicit message passing.

Application development software, Industrial research, Parallel processing, Multiprocessing, Research and Development, FORTRAN, FORTRAN (Programming language), Distributed Systems, Compiler/decompiler, Enhancements, Shared Memory, Compilers (Software)

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Uses of precise time and frequency in power systems

Article Abstract:

The accurate measurement of time and frequency is important in the operation of electric power systems. The reliable transfer of electrical power from the generation point to the consumer requires the measurement of power system frequency in many locations. The high voltages require elaborate protection and control systems to guard against short and open circuits. Precise timekeeping networks help analyze power system operations by synchronizing clocks on recording instruments. All generators and large motors must be close to speed synchronism and voltage levels must remain near nominal values. A power system's stable response to small and large perturbations is critical. State vector measurements require clock synchronizations of 5 to 46 microseconds. Research on one microsecond timekeeping continues.

Time measurement, Electric power plants, Power Systems, Timing, Power Plants, Frequency

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