Intramuscular injections within 30 days of immunization with oral poliovirus vaccine - a risk for vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis
Article Abstract:
Children who receive intramuscular injections, such as of antibiotics, within one month after receiving the oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) may be at risk of developing "provocation" poliomyelitis paralysis. The rate of vaccine-associated paralytic polio is five to 17 times higher in Romania than in other countries. A study of 31 young Romanian children who developed vaccine-associated paralytic polio found that 27 of them had received one or more intramuscular injections within 30 days before the onset of paralysis. Children who had received 10 or more injections were more likely to develop paralysis. The higher risk of paralysis associated with intramuscular injection may be due more to the number and timing of injections (within 30 days after OPV) than to the substance injected. Children in this study were given intramuscular injections of antibiotics for respiratory infections, in part because oral preparations of antibiotics in Romania are scarce and expensive. Injections given within one month after OPV administration, but not before or simultaneously as OPV, were associated with an increased risk of paralytic polio.
Publication Name: The New England Journal of Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0028-4793
Year: 1995
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Trial of a supplemental dose of four poliovirus vaccines
Article Abstract:
Inactivated-poliovirus vaccine (IPV) enhanced the antibody titer against type 3 poliovirus but the oral poliovirus vaccines (OPV) had no effect. In a study of 785 infants nine months old, 88% were seropositive for poliovirus type 3 and showed no significant change in either the seroprevalence or antibody titer at the thirtieth day upon administration of OPV. In infants who received IPV, both the seroprevalence and the antibody titer increased from 87.8% to 97.1% and from 1:228 to 1:448 respectively.
Publication Name: The New England Journal of Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0028-4793
Year: 2000
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Vaccine policy changes and epidemiology of poliomyelitis in the United States
Article Abstract:
The epidemiology of paralytic poliomyelitis reviewed, and the association between the vaccine schedule changes and vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) in the United States is documented. The change in polio vaccination policy from oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) to exclusive use of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) was successful implemented, which led to the elimination of VAPP in the United States.
Publication Name: JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0098-7484
Year: 2004
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