Whole body protein turnover can be measured non-invasively in women using the end product method with [15N]glycine to show changes with the menstrual cycle and pregnancy

Article Abstract:

The easiest way to measure protein turnover non-invasively is to give a single oral dose of [15N]glycine with a urine collection of 24 hours in which the excretion and enrichment of ammonia and urea are measured. It is advisable to use the average enrichment in urea and ammonia as the basis for deriving values for protein turnover. The result for women generally showed higher variability than the results for men, suggesting that the cyclical metabolic changes connected with the menstrual cycle could have an impact on protein turnover. Part of the variability in protein turnover seemed to be connected with the individual body composition of the mothers.

Research, Protein metabolism

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The determinants of plasma beta-carotene: interaction between smoking and other lifestyle factors

Article Abstract:

Smokers have lower dietary intakes and circulating levels of beta-carotenes than non-smokers. The effects of smoking on the circulating levels of beta-carotene persist, and a dietary intake of 1000 micro-g of beta-carotene alters the plasma carotene levels in smokers by 0.01 micromol/l and by 0.04 micromol/l in non-smokers. Smoking increases the risk of coronary heart disease, probably due to the increased inflammatory response, the level of circulating LDL, and reduced host defences associated with tobacco use.

Health aspects, Causes of, Coronary heart disease, Smokers, Smoking, Beta carotene

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The effect of splenectomy for hypersplenism on whole body protein turnover, resting metabolic rate and growth in sickle cell disease

Article Abstract:

A study was conducted on the effect of splenectomy in children with hypersplenism and homozygous sickle cell disease on protein turnover, resting metabolic rate and growth rate. The results indicate a significant reduction in energy expenditure following splenectomy. A reduction in protein turnover was cited as a key factor to the saving in energy. The energy saved was also associated with an improvement in the wasting present prior to the splenectomy.

Analysis, Physiological aspects, Sickle cell anemia, Children, Energy metabolism, Energy metabolism in children, Splenectomy

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