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Women and sports: the issues

Article Abstract:

Participation by women and girls in all level of sports has increased radically since 1971. Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, which eradicated sex discrimination in federally-funded schools, is largely responsible for the growth of women's sports programs in schools.. Despite the popularity and credibility women's athletics has achieved, there is still little public support for women athletes. Women athletes receive less than 1/3 of athletic scholarships and only 1/5 of college athletic budget funds. Paradoxically, though, women athletes are beginning to face problems normally associated with their male peers, including illegal recruiting practices, injuries, and health abuses such as anorexia and bulimia.

Social aspects, Finance, College sports

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Passage of Title IX

Article Abstract:

Title IX of the Education Amendments was passed in 1972, providing equal rights to women in education and sports. Despite attempts by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) to disqualify women from top-level sports competitions, women athletes gained stature. Also in 1972, the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women (AIAW) was organized to protect women's rights in sports. Although the AIAW was disbanded in 1983 through competition from the NCAA, numerous courts nationwide encouraged women's athletics through rulings in favor of women in a number of cases. The 1990s economic situation, however, threatens the status of women's sports.

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Prospects improving

Article Abstract:

State legislatures are increasingly becoming more supportive of women's college and high school athletics. Since the 1980s, universities and high schools in Iowa, Missouri, Minnesota, Florida, Montana and Washington have been monitored by state agencies to ensure gender-equity in sports. New York state's Office for Civil Rights (OCR), however, has reported violations of Title IX of the 1972 Education Amendments by Brooklyn College. Despite the OCR's investigations, women still remain skeptical about the implementation of Title IX, especially among Southern states, where no government officials have been appointed to handle cases of discrimination in sports.

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