Contrasts and interactions redux: five easy pieces

Article Abstract:

The distinctions among local effects, global effects, effect contrast and pattern contrast are little intrinsic to lambda weights. The use of 2 X 2 design provides little advantage over 1 X 4 design, since its wired-in contrasts fail to give interaction effects of research interest. Examining simple effects and differences between nonorthogonal simple effects is a wrong practice in defining interaction. Issues related to contrasts and interaction are discussed in terms of five principles, such as the Tarzan's leap, Sirens' song, Lavoisier's crease, dayyan's decree and archer's aim.

Analysis, Analysis of variance, Psychometrics, Experimental design, Research design

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Ethical issues in psychological science: risk, consent, and scientific quality

Article Abstract:

John B. Mordock and John Colombo question the value of weighing scientific merit before authorizing research and assume study participants are able to determine their own risk. However, most institutional review boards already consider a primitive cost/utility ratio and could call in expert consultants where the board is unable to determine. Inexpensive studies with educational or recreational value as opposed to scientific merit could still be selected. As far as participants understanding the risks, competency, adequate information and unknown risks must be considered.

Research, Ethical aspects, Criticism and interpretation, Mordock, John B., Colombo, John

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Contemporary issues in the analysis of data: a survey of 551 psychologists

Article Abstract:

Issues about data analysis were examined in a survey conducted on 551 psychological researchers. A questionaire served to assess the subjects' views about the reliability of Type1 and 2 errors, analysis of interactions, contrast analysis and power and effect siza in replication. Results implied that active researchers did not have sufficient comprehension of statistical issues as shown by low accuracy scores. The findings did not adequately assess statistical knowledge but it initiated issues that are important in statistical applications in psychological research.

Surveys, Statistics, Statistics (Data), Psychological research, Psychological research personnel, Psychological researchers

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