The structural organization of the mental lexicon and its contribution to age-related declines in spoken-word recognition
Article Abstract:
Decline in structural organization of mental lexicon contributes to age-related declines in spoken-word recognition. Older adults isolate individual lexical representations from phonetically similar competitors less efficiently than do younger adults. This inefficiency remains stable, when performance for easy words is the same for both age groups. Reduction of identification cues reduces word recognition in older adults more. Diminished cognitive resources, impaired inhibitory control, and increased general slowing may be reasons for such results.
Publication Name: Psychology and Aging
Subject: Seniors
ISSN: 0882-7974
Year: 1996
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Resource allocation in on-line reading by younger and older adults
Article Abstract:
Younger and older adults follow different patterns for allocating reading time that facilitates high levels of recall. Younger adults respond more to word frequency and introduction of new concepts while achieving high recall, whereas older individuals use on-line contextual facilitation for this purpose. Both younger and older subjects utilize word-level, text-level and discourse-level features for allocating time. Older individuals show disproportionate recall for the less memorable ideas, suggesting that they are very sensitive to memory limits.
Publication Name: Psychology and Aging
Subject: Seniors
ISSN: 0882-7974
Year: 1996
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Differential item functioning in the Mini-Mental State Examination in English- and Spanish-speaking older adults
Article Abstract:
A study was conducted to determine if the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMS) demonstrates item bias in terms of measuring cognitive functioning of older Hispanics and non-Hispanics. A logistic regression procedure was used to examine differential item functioning of MMS items among three language/ethnicity groups. Results indicate a certain degree of difficulty and discrimination parameters of MMS items particularly world backward, the three word recall items and the copy of a design.
Publication Name: Psychology and Aging
Subject: Seniors
ISSN: 0882-7974
Year: 1997
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