Import Substitution in the Manufacturing Sector During the 1970s: A Regional Analysis
Article Abstract:
The rising energy prices of the last decade changed input expenses for United States manufacturing. Energy policy must be formulated in accordance with the speed and extent of input demand responses. Research on estimate input elasticities often did not have a sample period which went beyond the post embargo era. This research extends the sample period to 1977. Research has mostly been concerned with national level input changes, but regional input changes are also of interest. Regional variations will affect regional input substitutions. Elasticities for nine regions over a sample period ending in 1977 are highlighted. Regional and national comparisons are facilitated. Two time periods are used: 1963-1966 and 1974-1977. Data represent pooled time series of cross sections. The relative benefits of elasticities estimated and time-series estimates are compared. Tables of translog cost functions, cross price elasticity data and substitution effects are featured. Findings indicate that capital and energy complements while capital and labor are substitutes.
Publication Name: Journal of Regional Science
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0022-4146
Year: 1984
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On a Foundation of the Economic Theory of Location- Transport Distance vs. Technological Substitution
Article Abstract:
The spatial property of location and the substitutive demand input of a company producing fixed output are integrated in analysis. A condition set for interior location is found based on the first derivatives of the cost function only at space vertices. In firm location decisions, spatial and technological properties must be weighed against each other. A theory of economic production is analyzed in an equilateral triangle space of transportation where one or more market is distributed at each vertex. The continuity of the total cost function is also analyzed. Two theorems are proved with regard to nonintermediate and interior locations. Dimensional space graphs are featured, as are theorems for optical location and the transport distance function. Simultaneous treatment of optimal choice problems results in optimal location and input optimal quantity findings.
Publication Name: Journal of Regional Science
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0022-4146
Year: 1984
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Pollution abatement expenditures and regional manufacturing activity
Article Abstract:
The relationship of pollution abatement compliance costs and employment and earnings levels in regional manufacturing sectors is investigated. Empirical evidence reveals the slight adverse effects environmental regulations have on a company's location and expansion decisions. Regions with a concentration of manufacturing industries are more at risk from regulation expenditures. However, pollution control costs is superseded by the perceived benefit of a healthier environment.
Publication Name: Journal of Regional Science
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0022-4146
Year: 1992
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