Quantitative meanings of verbal probability expressions
Article Abstract:
The meaning of 18 verbal probability expressions were studied in 3 ways: (a) frequency distributions of what single number best represented each expression; (b) word-to-number acceptability functions from what range of numbers from 0% to 100% best represented each expression; and (c) number-to-word acceptability functions from which expressions were appropriate for multiples of 5% from 5% to 95%. These results agreed highly with others and were highly consistent across methods. Expressions incorporating the stem 'probable' were quantitatively synonymous with expressions incorporating the stem 'likely'. Except for expressions using the word chance, positive expressions (e.g., likely) were closer to 50% in meaning than corresponding negative expressions (e.g., unlikely). This method proved very useful in deriving fuzzy-set membership functions for probability words, encouraging us in our ongoing codification effort. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Applied Psychology
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0021-9010
Year: 1989
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Comparison of several procedures for generating J-coefficients
Article Abstract:
J-coefficients were examined as estimators of criterion-related validities for the occupation of machinist in a medium-sized international manufacturer of precision automotive accessories. Test and job performance components of the J-coefficient were estimated from supervisory, incumbent, co-worker, policy capturing, importance, and test expert ratings. The results indicated that combinations of estimates from several sources generated J-coefficients that reproduced the pattern and mean values of the validities. Supervisory and incumbent sources were superior to the test expert source for estimating test components, whereas co-worker, policy capturing, and importance sources were equally effective for estimating job performance components. The implications of the J-coefficient are discussed for personnel selection. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Applied Psychology
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0021-9010
Year: 1987
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Effect of Extraneous Verbal Information on Memory for Telephone Numbers
Article Abstract:
Simulation of dealings between directory assistance operators and college age people was measured for its effect on local telephone firm policy. In one example, twenty numbers were concluded with the phrase, "have a nice day". Two controls functioned: one used a tone series at the end of the number, and one had no extra input whatsoever. Reliable performance data was assembled for both on familiar three-digit beginnings and local ones. Findings support short-term memory theories. Using the phrase caused subjects to be less able to remember the number.
Publication Name: Journal of Applied Psychology
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0021-9010
Year: 1983
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