The impact of interstimulus interval and background silence on recall
Article Abstract:
Three experiments investigate how the interval between target items of information in an audio context influences recall under background conditions of music and silence. In experiment 1, when a goal-directed learning task encouraged allocation of resources to the message, recall increased linearly for both background conditions as the interval increased. However, under the incidental learning task used in experiment 2, increasing the interval from two to three seconds had a deleterious impact on recall, but only in the background silence condition. Experiment 3 suggested that this was due to a surplus of cognitive resources in the background silence condition producing interfering extracommunication thought. Results also support the theory presented that background music borrows resources from the processing of message information in an incidental learning task. Although music impairs processing of brand information and reduces recall at shorter intervals, relative to silence, it increases the interval preceding the onset of excess resources, delaying interfering thought. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)
Publication Name: Journal of Consumer Research
Subject: Social sciences
ISSN: 0093-5301
Year: 1997
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Liability and risk
Article Abstract:
A risk liability theory is best suited to judge whether or not a person is liable to compensate another person. It is a general theory on which other liability theories such as fault, causation, and harm, are based. It places the justification for liability on the basis of the first action that started the process of imposing a risk of harm on another. A person is responsible for liability if the result of an action is preconceivable, and also for an action that unwittingly increases the chances of inflicting harm on others.
Publication Name: Philosophy & Public Affairs
Subject: Political science
ISSN: 0048-3915
Year: 1996
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Fearful fliers' brave new world
Article Abstract:
Business travellers suffering from aerophobia, or fear of flying, can be treated using virtual reality techniques which teaches them to cope with flying using computer simulation.
Publication Name: Conde Nast Traveler
Subject: Travel, recreation and leisure
ISSN: 0893-9683
Year: 1999
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