The incredible (and sometimes incredulous) child witness: child eyewitnesses' sensitivity to source credibility cues

Article Abstract:

Witnesses who receive misleading postevent information usually perform more poorly on memory tests than do witnesses who receive only unbiased information. This effect is especially pronounced for young children. For adults, the credibility of the source of the misleading information moderates this effect; misinformation presented by a credible source impairs performance to a greater degree than does misinformation presented by a noncredible source. In the present experiment, preschool children listened to a story accompanied by several illustrations. Later, they watched a videotape of a child, a credible adult, or a discredited adult answering questions about the story. For some children, the person in the videotape provided misleading information. The children's memory reports were impaired only when misinformation was presented by the credible adult, indicating that even young children are sensitive to source credibility cues. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Children as witnesses, Child witnesses, Memory in children, Children's memory

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Memory deficit caused by compressed air equivalent to 36 meters of seawater

Article Abstract:

Twenty-four students from a diving school undertook a hyperbaric chamber dive to a pressure equal to 36 m of seawater. Tests of cognitive function and manual dexterity, performed in the chamber during the 35-min bottom time and before, or after, the dive included immediate and delayed free recall of words presented as 7 lists of 15 each, recognition of previously presented words, number identification, and a forceps pickup of ball bearings. Delayed free recall and immediate free recall (primacy region) were significantly impaired, whereas manual dexterity and recognition memory were not. These are in keeping with previously reported findings but indicate that significant impairment of memory may occur in experienced divers at operational depths for air diving. Lack of effect on recognition memory suggest that cueing strategies might be useful for debriefing divers. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Motor ability, Motor skills, Memory, Cognition, Hyperbaric oxygenation, Recall, Recall (Law)

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