Signalling the fat controller

Article Abstract:

The binding of leukotriene B(sub 4) (LTB(sub 4)) to the transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha) controls the generalized inflammatory response. LTB(sub 4) activates a transcription factor that regulates the oxidation of fatty acids. This gives a mechanism by which the generation of eicosanoids controls the inflammatory response. The enzyme cyclo-oxygenase isoform may be involved in eicosanoid synthesis. A drug that lowers the triglyceride content can activate PPAR-alpha. Thus drugs with lipid lowering and anti-inflammatory activity may be developed.

Physiological aspects, Ligand binding (Biochemistry)

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Neurotactin, a membrane-anchored chemokine upregulated in brain inflammation

Article Abstract:

Neurotactin, a recently identified type of chemokine, has a unique cysteine pattern, Cys-X-X-X-Cys. The neurotactin gene is situated in human chromosome 16q, unlike all other chemokine genes, and it is therefore possible to state that neurotactin is a new delta-chemokine family. The fact that recombinant neurotactin can produce leukocyte chemotaxis indicates that neurotactin may play a role in inflammatory responses in the brain. The higher expression of neurotactin in brain microglia two hours after LPS administration indicates rapid upregulation following inflammation.

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Polyisoprenyl phosphates in intracellular signalling

Article Abstract:

Leukocyte membrane remodelling will generate biologically active lipids, acting as intra- and extracellular mediators. A new intracellular lipid signal, regulating oxygen-radical formation in neutrophils, is reported. A protein inhibitor of superoxide anion production was revealed, and four major phosphorylated lipids resulted from structural analysis of biologically active fractions. Presequalene diphosphate was the most abundant and results show that it is a potent cellular response regulator.

Observations, Lipids

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