African-derived South American populations: a history of symmetrical and asymmetrical matings according to sex revealed by bi- and uni-parental genetic markers

Article Abstract:

A history of symmetrical and asymmetrical matings has been developed according to sex as revealed by bi- and uni-parental genetic markers in South American populations of predominantly African derivation. Eleven such populations were studied for estimates of African, European and Amerindian contributions to each gene pool. Five autosomal loci and one Y chromosome hypervariable locus were used along with mtDNA. Thirty-eight sequences were identified, of which 17 could be classified as African, 4 Amerindian and 2 European. Evidence for asymmetrical matings related to sex and ethnic group were found for 9 of the 11 populations with the most consistent finding the introduction of European genes through males. Results differ by community, so local factors are important.

South America, Venezuela, Demographic aspects, African Americans, Emigration and immigration, Blacks, Racially mixed people, Africans, European Americans, Fugitive slaves

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Heterogeneity of the genome ancestry of individuals classified as white in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Article Abstract:

One hundred nineteen individuals classified as White, living in different localities of the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Sul, were studied in relation to the HVS-I region of the mitochondrial DNA. The results indicate that Brazilian populations are remarkably heterogeneous, while some present an overwhelming majority of transplanted European genomes.

Brazilians

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A revertant of the major founder Native American haplogroup C common in populations from Northern South America

Article Abstract:

A revertant of major founder Native American haplogroup C common in populations from Northern South America is studied. Genetic structure analyses are consistent with the reversion mutation occurring at an early stage during the tribalization process.

United States, Health aspects, Native Americans, Human population genetics

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