Aging of C. elegans: Mosaics and mechanisms

Article Abstract:

Deleterious changes accumulate as an animal ages, but different species can have significantly different aging rates and life spans. Mutations affecting life span have been observed in several species, and two types of genes may affect aging rates, those that directly affect intracellular mechanisms for protection, turnover and repair, and those acting to control metabolic rate. The mechanisms for cellular aging remain unclear, but have been studied in C. elegans because of its short mean life span in the laboratory and its ability to form an alternative third larval stage.

Observations, Biological research

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14-3-3 proteins are essential for RAS/MAPK cascade signaling during pseudohyphal development in S. cerevisiae

Article Abstract:

A study was conducted to demonstrate that Saccharomyces cerevisiae 14-3-3 homologs is significant for RAS/MAPK cascade signaling during pseudohyphal development. Results reveal that RAS2 and CDC42's activated alleles can cause pseudohyphal development. Furthermore, the process can significantly affect FG(TyA)-lacZ signaling exhibited by Bmh+ strains. Alleles of BMH1 complement other 14-3-3 functions, making 14-3-3 proteins a requirement in RAS/MAPK cascade signaling in pseudohyphal development in S. cerevisiae.

Proteins

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Loss of transcriptional silencing causes sterility in old mother cells of S. cerevisiae

Article Abstract:

Genetic and physical studies were utilized to show that the breakdown of silencing in old cells by the SIR gene complex at the HM locations results into aging depending on phenotype in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Findings showed the molecular basis for an aging-specific phenotype in yeast and presented direct proof that the impairment of silencing in old cells by SIR4 plays a major role in determining the life span of yeasts.

Cells, Cell aging

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