Alternative neural crest cell fates are instructively promoted by TGFbeta superfamily members

Article Abstract:

The selective differentiation of embryonic neural cells are induced instructively by specific growth factors. The cloning culture system was used to detect these specific growth-inducing substances. Neuregulin was detected as the growth factor that causes glial cell differentiation. TGFbeta1 caused smooth muscle cell differentiation while bone morphogenic protein 2/4 caused peripheral nervous system differentiation of the neural crest stem cells. The mechanisms for blood- cell and neural cell metamorphosis were not similar due to their differences in systemic cell function.

Physiological aspects, Morphogenesis, Transforming growth factors

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X-MyT1, a Xenopus C2HC-type zinc finger protein with a regulatory function in neuronal differentiation

Article Abstract:

Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was utilized to identify the X-MyT1 C2HC-type zinc finger protein which mediated neurogenic cascade in Xenopus. The early expression of X-MyT1 in Xenopus embryos was detected in the dorsal ectoderm during the mid-gastrulation stage. The expression of the C2HC-type zinc finger protein during neurogenesis indicated its role in mediating neuronal differentiation and N-tubulin expression in the neurons of Xenopus embryos.

Genetic aspects, Xenopus, Neurons

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Identification of neurogenin, a vertebrate neuronal determination gene

Article Abstract:

Previous research has identified several basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins that are involved in vertebrate neurogenesis. However, bHLH proteins that control early stages of neuronal determination remain unidentified. Analysis of the novel, NeuroD-related bHLH protein called NEUROGENIN indicates that it can function as a vertebrate neuronal determination factor.

Proteins

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