CAR1, a TNFR-related protein, is a cellular receptor for cytopathic avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses and mediates apoptosis

Article Abstract:

The mechanism of cell killing induced by cytopathic subgroups of avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses (ALV) is investigated. A gene was cloned encoding the chicken protein CAR1, which allowed specific infection of mammalian cells by ALV-B and ALV-D. The protein bound selectively to a subgroup B ALV SU-Ig fusion protein. CAR1 probably mediates viral entry by functioning as a specific receptor for viral subgroups B and D. The results suggest that cytopathic ALV Env-receptor interactions have a direct effect on virus-induced cell death.

Research, Cell death, Pathology, Cellular, Cytopathology

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Protein translocation: tunnel vision

Article Abstract:

Protein transport across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane in eukaryotes and the cytoplasmic membrane in prokaryotes occurs through a hydrophilic channel that is part of a protein translocation machine. The channel also integrates membrane proteins into the lipid bilayer while coordinating a large number of different functions. Moreover, the channel acts as a passive conduit for polypeptides and associates with other components that determine translocation and the directionality of movement through the channel.

Analysis, Endoplasmic reticulum, Eukaryotic cells, Prokaryotes, Cells (Biology), Eukaryotes, Cell membranes

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Retroviral entry mediated by receptor priming and low pH triggering of an envelope glycoprotein

Article Abstract:

Research elucidates the mechanism of avian leukosis viral entry which, deviates from the known mechanism operating in influenza A virus. Data point out that the receptor interaction results in the conversion of a pH-insensitive avian viral envelope glycoprotein to respond to low pH conditions favoring the retroviral entry.

United States, Statistical Data Included, Physiological aspects, Glycoproteins, Cell receptors, Retroviruses, Hydrogen-ion concentration

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