Cloning and characterization of the genes encoding the malolactic enzyme and the malate permease of Leuconostoc oenos

Article Abstract:

The genes that code for the malolactic enzyme and the malate permease in the bacterium Leuconostoc oenos are arranged in a cluster. A 324-bp DNA fragment amplified by PCR from Leuconostoc oenos was used to screen the genome bank. Of the two open reading frames, the first protein has highly conserved protein regions. The expression of the gene in Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae produced malolactic activity in the organisms. The second open reading frame codes a protein that has properties of a carrier protein and probably has 10 membrane-spanning segments.

Enzymes, Bacteria

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Control of flavor development in wine during and after malolactic fermentation by Oenococcus oeni

Article Abstract:

Research was conducted to examine the control of flavor development in wine during and after malolactic fermentation by Oenococcus oeni. The objective was to analyze the dynamics of the citrate metabolism and how the concentration of the intermediary compound, diacetyl, is affected by different physicochemical factors. Results indicate that during malolactic fermentation in wine by O. oeni, the degradation of citric acid was delayed compared to the degradation of malic acid.

Fermentation, Alcoholic beverages, Wine and wine making, Flavor, Odors, Wine microbiology, Malic acid

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Absence of malolactic activity is a characteristic of H(sup)+ -ATPase-deficient mutants of the lactic acid bacterium Oenococcus oeni

Article Abstract:

Research reveals that in H(sup)+ -ATPase-deficient mutants of Oenococcus oeni malolactic activity is absent as shown by failure to detect mleA transcript encoding the enzyme by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis of mutants, suggesting that the malolactic operon is not transcribed.

France, Analysis, Physiological aspects, Genetic transcription, Transcription (Genetics), Enzyme synthesis, Microbial mutation, Lactococcus

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