Shelterin: The protein complex that shapes and safeguards human telomeres

Article Abstract:

Shelterin is emerging as a protein complex with DNA remodeling activity that acts together with several associated DNA repair factors to change the structure of the telomeric DNA, thereby protecting chromosome ends. Without the protective activity of shelterin, telomeres are no longer hidden from the DNA damage surveillance and DNA repair pathways inappropriately process chromosome ends.

DNA repair

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MDC1 accelerates nonhomologous end-joining of dysfunctional telomeres

Article Abstract:

The role of mediator of DNA damage checkpoint 1 (MDC1) in the detection and repair of human and mouse telomeres rendered dysfunctional through inhibition of shelterin protein TRF2 is examined. The results have indicated that the binding of MDC1 to [gamma]-H2AX directly affects nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ) in a manner that is independent of the ATM-dependent cell cycle arrest pathway.

Cell cycle, Genetic research

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Hepatocytes with extensive telomere deprotection and fusion remain viable and regenerate liver mass through endoreduplication

Article Abstract:

Mouse liver cells are highly resistant to extensive telomere dysfunction and the consequences of telomere dysfunction in noncycling cells are determined by using conditional deletion of the telomeric protein TRF2 in hepatocytes. The nondividing hepatocytes are found to maintain and regenerate liver function despite substantial loss of telomere integrity.

New York, Analysis, Chromosome replication, Liver cells, Hepatocytes

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