Molecular analysis of bacterial communities in a three-compartment granular activated sludge system indicates community-level control by incomplete nitrification processes

Article Abstract:

Two molecular methods were used to examine the total microbial community structure and the ammonia-oxidizing populations in each compartment of a three-compartment activated sludge system. Community profile analysis examined the ammonia-oxidating population in the first two compartments and compared them with the nitrite oxidation compartment. The functional gene probe hybridization analysis provided results in agreement with those obtained from community profile analysis except for variations in the strength of the ammonia-oxidizing populations in the first two compartments.

Microbial growth, Oxidation-reduction reaction, Oxidation-reduction reactions, Sludge, Nitrification

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Characterization of a chromosomally encoded 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid/alpha-ketoglutarate dioxygenase gene from Burkholderia sp. strain RASC

Article Abstract:

The Burkholderia sp. strain RASC contains the tfdA(sub RASC) gene on the chromosome and it encodes 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)/alpha-ketoglutarate dioxygenase. The tfdA(sub RASC) gene is an open reading frame and is 78.5% similar to the Alcaligenes eutrophus tfdA gene. The chromosomal location is indicated by the ability of the A. eutrophus tfdA gene to restore 2,4-D degradation capability to RASC mutants unable to degrade 2,4-D. The gene is present on the plasmid as cells lacking plasmids or containing a mutant plasmid are able to degrade 2,4-D.

Analysis, Amino acid sequence, Amino acid sequencing

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Evidence for acquisition in nature of a chromosomal 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid/alpha-ketoglutarate dioxygenase gene by different Burkholderia spp

Article Abstract:

The tfdA gene of the gram negative bacterium Burkholderia sp. strain TFD6 is 99.5% similar to that of the RASC strain. This indicates that the gene is transmitted to other microbes in the environment, as the strains are geographically separated. The tfdA gene is located on a mobile element on the chromosome rather than on a conjugative plasmid. The gene product initiates 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid degradation which involves activity of alpha-ketoglutarate dioxygenase. The low G+C content of the gene indicates the incorporation of foreign DNA.

Observations

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